In the Middle Ages reading was a luxury not even afforded by most of the wealthy. Therefore, traders promoted their goods through some imaginative images. James Brannan investigates these and other forms of personal endorsement, most notably the trade surnames that remain with us to this day.
Advertising empire
Advertising gained new momentum in the Victorian era, not least because of the exotic trading afforded by the Empire. Katherine Almond analyse the effect of Empire on advertising, from the eugenics of the Victorian Empire to the ‘Empire Made’ products of the 1950s and 60s – the last bastion of Empire at home.
A year in photos: 1954
Kate Curtis summarises 1943 in ten photos from around the globe.